EncodingMarch 30, 20268 min read
URL Encoder & Decoder: How URL Encoding Works
Learn what URL encoding is, why it exists, and how percent-encoding keeps your web requests safe and valid.
Read articlePractical guides on encoding, hashing, tokens, and more. Understand the tools you use every day.
Understand how SHA-256 works, what makes it secure, and where it is used in modern software and cryptography.
Learn the JSON specification, how to format and validate JSON data, and common mistakes that cause parse errors.
Learn what Unix timestamps are, how epoch time works, and how to convert timestamps in any programming language.
Compare SHA-1, SHA-256, and SHA-512 on security, performance, and use cases to choose the right hash function for your needs.
Learn how HMAC works, why it is used for API authentication and webhook verification, and how to implement it correctly.
Learn how HTML encoding works, which characters need escaping, and how to prevent XSS vulnerabilities through proper encoding.